Use modal auxiliaries to convey various conditions. Examples: can, may, must
Arkansas Academic Standards:
L.4.1.I
Common Core State Standards:
Literacy.L.4.1c
Kentucky Academic Standards (KAS):
L.4.1.c
Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Standards:
L.4.1c
Ohio's Learning Standards:
L.4.1.c
Use modal auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, must)
to convey various conditions.
Arizona - K-12 Academic Standards:
4.L.1.c
Use modal auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, must) to convey various conditions.
Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE):
ELAGSE4L1c
Use helping/linking verbs to convey various conditions.
Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks:
L.4.1.c
Use helping verbs, also known as auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, might, should), to convey various conditions of possibility, likelihood, obligation, or permission, choosing among helping verbs depending on the overall meaning of the sentence.
North Carolina - Standard Course of Study:
L.4.1.c
Use modal auxiliaries (such as may or must)
Tennessee Academic Standards:
4.FL.SC.6.c
Use auxiliary verbs, such as can, may, and must, to clarify meaning.
Pennsylvania Core Standards:
CC.1.4.4.f
Demonstrate a grade-appropriate command of the conventions of standard English grammar, usage, capitalization, punctuation,and spelling.
E04.D.1.1.1 - Use relative pronouns (e.g., who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (e.g., where, when, why).
E04.D.1.1.2 - Form and use the progressive verb tenses (e.g., I was walking, I am walking, I will be walking).
E04.D.1.1.3 - Use modal auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, must) to convey various conditions.
E04.D.1.1.4 - Order adjectives within sentences according to conventional patterns (e.g., a small red bag rather than a red small bag).
E04.D.1.1.5 - Form and use prepositional phrases.
E04.D.1.1.6 - Produce complete sentences, recognizing and correcting inappropriate fragments and run-on sentences.*
E04.D.1.1.7 - Correctly use frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two; there, their, they’re).*
E04.D.1.1.8 - Ensure subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement.*
E04.D.1.2.1 - Use correct capitalization.
E04.D.1.2.2 - Use commas and quotation marks to mark direct speech and quotations from a text.
E04.D.1.2.3 - Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.
E04.D.1.2.4 - Spell grade-appropriate words correctly
Pennsylvania Core Standards:
CC.1.4.4.l
Demonstrate a grade-appropriate command of the conventions of standard English grammar, usage, capitalization, punctuation,and spelling.
E04.D.1.1.1 - Use relative pronouns (e.g., who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (e.g., where, when, why).
E04.D.1.1.2 - Form and use the progressive verb tenses (e.g., I was walking, I am walking, I will be walking).
E04.D.1.1.3 - Use modal auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, must) to convey various conditions.
E04.D.1.1.4 - Order adjectives within sentences according to conventional patterns (e.g., a small red bag rather than a red small bag).
E04.D.1.1.5 - Form and use prepositional phrases.
E04.D.1.1.6 - Produce complete sentences, recognizing and correcting inappropriate fragments and run-on sentences.*
E04.D.1.1.7 - Correctly use frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two; there, their, they’re).*
E04.D.1.1.8 - Ensure subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement.*
E04.D.1.2.1 - Use correct capitalization.
E04.D.1.2.2 - Use commas and quotation marks to mark direct speech and quotations from a text.
E04.D.1.2.3 - Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.
E04.D.1.2.4 - Spell grade-appropriate words correctly
Pennsylvania Core Standards:
CC.1.4.4.r
Demonstrate a grade-appropriate command of the conventions of standard English grammar, usage, capitalization, punctuation,and spelling.
E04.D.1.1.1 - Use relative pronouns (e.g., who, whose, whom, which, that) and relative adverbs (e.g., where, when, why).
E04.D.1.1.2 - Form and use the progressive verb tenses (e.g., I was walking, I am walking, I will be walking).
E04.D.1.1.3 - Use modal auxiliaries (e.g., can, may, must) to convey various conditions.
E04.D.1.1.4 - Order adjectives within sentences according to conventional patterns (e.g., a small red bag rather than a red small bag).
E04.D.1.1.5 - Form and use prepositional phrases.
E04.D.1.1.6 - Produce complete sentences, recognizing and correcting inappropriate fragments and run-on sentences.*
E04.D.1.1.7 - Correctly use frequently confused words (e.g., to, too, two; there, their, they’re).*
E04.D.1.1.8 - Ensure subject-verb and pronoun-antecedent agreement.*
E04.D.1.2.1 - Use correct capitalization.
E04.D.1.2.2 - Use commas and quotation marks to mark direct speech and quotations from a text.
E04.D.1.2.3 - Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.
E04.D.1.2.4 - Spell grade-appropriate words correctly
Florida - Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking:
ELA.4.C.3.1
Follow the rules of standard English grammar, punctuation, capitalization, and spelling appropriate to grade level.
4th Grade Writing - Modal Auxiliaries Lesson
Modal auxiliaries
Modal auxiliaries are helping verbs. They add meaning and help tell more about time. Modal auxiliary verbs also show different conditions like a request, an ability, or permission.
These are the most common auxiliary verbs, or helping verbs, and their uses:
Can: The verb “can” shows that a person or an object is able to do something. In other words, it shows ability.
Example: The girl can show you the way.
Could The verb “could” shows a past ability. It also shows a request.
Example: Sarah could easily lift 30 pounds.
May
The verb “may” shows that something is likely to happen.
Example: It may rain tonight.
It also shows a person or an object is allowed to do something. In other words, it shows permission.
Example: You may have cookies after dinner.
It also shows that someone is requesting something.
Example: May I go to a sleepover with Bethany?
Might: The verb “might” shows that something is likely to happen.
Example: The branch might break if you climb on it.
Must: The verb “must” shows that something is necessary or certain.
Example: They must study to pass the tests.
Will: The verb “will” shows a future action.
Example: Marcus will run for the student leader position.
Would: The verb “would” shows what would happen if something else happened.
Example: The teacher would help you if you ask her.
Shall: The verb “shall” shows a future action.
Example: We shall see happier days in the summer.
Should: The verb “should” shows a hope or an advice.
Example: You should wear warm clothes before going out.
4th Grade Writing - Modal Auxiliaries Lesson